With the new law, threats to human rights, including systems that create databases for facial recognition, Artificial intelligence applications are banned.
The regulation, which the European Union (EU) Commission, European Parliament and member countries had previously agreed on, was discussed in the parliamentary plenary session on Wednesday.
European Artificial Intelligence Law passed by 523 members, 46 against. It was accepted by vote.
The new law has been published in the Official Journal of the EU. It will come into force gradually after 21 days.
The law, which is the first regulation in the world to include measures regarding the use of general-purpose artificial intelligence, imposes restrictions on the use of biometric identification systems, especially by security forces.
Regulation includes storing images from the internet or security cameras to create biometric classification systems and facial recognition databases based on sensitive characteristics. It bans certain artificial intelligence applications that threaten the rights of citizens.
The law also bans social scoring and artificial intelligence applications used to manipulate or exploit user vulnerabilities in the workplace, schools and other social areas.
The use of biometric identification systems by security forces will only be possible in extraordinary situations such as a terrorist attack or loss and with the permission of judicial authorities.
The new law also includes regulations for artificial intelligence systems used to manage vital areas such as water, energy, justice, security, health and biometrics.
In order to prevent significant potential harm to health, security, fundamental rights, environment, democracy and the rule of law, strict conditions such as detailed documentation, clear user information and human supervision are imposed on artificial intelligence applications to be used in these areas.
Within the scope of the law, it will also be mandatory to clearly indicate artificial or altered images, audio or video content, called “deepfake”.
The European Artificial Intelligence Law will also allow EU citizens to lodge complaints about AI systems and obtain information about decisions based on high-risk AI systems that affect their rights.
Brando Benifei, co-rapporteur of the European Parliament Internal Market Committee, said that the world’s first binding law on artificial intelligence has been implemented to reduce risks, create opportunities, fight discrimination and bring transparency.
The Italian parliamentarian emphasized that thanks to the law, unacceptable artificial intelligence applications will be banned in Europe and the rights of citizens will be protected.
Dragos Tudorache, co-rapporteur of the Parliamentary Civil Liberties Committee, said, “The EU has achieved its goal. We have connected the concept of artificial intelligence to the fundamental values that form the basis of our societies.”
The European Artificial Intelligence Law will be published in the official gazette following the approval of the EU Commission.
The law will come into force throughout the union gradually over 2 years, starting from May.
Bans on unacceptable AI systems will be implemented in 6 months, and rules on productive AI systems such as ChatGPT and Midjourney will be implemented next year.
The final rules on the law will come into force in May 2026, following human rights tests on whether artificial intelligence applications are biased or discriminatory.
Companies that violate the rules specified in the law may be fined up to 7 percent of their total turnover.
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