Affiliated with the US Department of Energy Princeton Plasma Physics LaboratoryResearchers at (PPPL) asked this exact question, figuratively speaking. The team examined the edge of the plasma before it began to cool. uncharged or neutral of particles managed to determine the maximum intensity. Knowing the maximum density for neutral particles at the edge of a fusion plasma is very important because it gives researchers valuable data on how and how much to fuel the fusion reaction. Ultimately, this information can be used for more stable reactions.
In the study whose results were shared in Nuclear Fusion Lithium Tokamak Experiment-Beta Observations, numerical simulations and analyzes obtained from experiments in a fusion plasma container called (LTX-β) are included.
What is lithium tokamak?
Researchers often use hydrogen plasma in fusion experiments. tokamak They use strong magnetic fields to keep them inside donut-shaped containers called cups. However, approaches to these tokamaks may be different. While some use carbon for guides, others like KSTAR use tungsten. What makes the tokamak at PPPL special is that its inner walls almost completely coated with lithium to be.
Because lithium retains a very high percentage of the hydrogen atoms released from the plasma, it causes a fundamental change in the behavior of the wall. Because if there was no lithium, much more hydrogen would bounce off the walls and return to the plasma during the reaction. This low recycling environment for hydrogen keeps the extreme end of the plasma hot, making the plasma more stable and freeing up space for a larger volume of plasma, the research team reported.
In their tests, the research team determined the maximum density of neutral particles at the tip of the plasma inside the reactor, before this part started to cool. The team found that the plasma density in this area must remain below a specific value (1 x 1019 m-3). This is important, because such a level is determined for the first time for LTX-β.
Maintain stable reaction
Fuel can be added to the lithium tokamak in two ways: by spraying hydrogen gas from the edge or sending neutral particles. Researchers are exploring how to use both methods together to create a stable plasma in future fusion reactors that will sustain fusion for long periods of time while also producing enough energy to make it practical for the power grid.
Researchers aim to keep the temperatures of the inner core and the outer edge of the plasma as close and equal to each other as possible in the fusion reaction. In this way, a stable reaction can be achieved and the reactor can be prevented from becoming unstable.
Source
https://interestingengineering.com/energy/lithium-lined-tokamak-fusion-energy
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-4326/ad2ca7#nfad2ca7f9
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